Suppose that 18% of people own dogs. If you pick two people at random, what is the probability that they both own a dog?
Since each person is independent of the others, we have:
P(Person 1 has a dog and person 2 have a dog) = P(person 1 has a dog) * P(person 2 has a dog)
P(Person 1 has a dog and person 2 have a dog) = 0.18 * 0.18
P(Person 1 has a dog and person 2 have a dog) = 0.0324 or 3.24%
Since each person is independent of the others, we have:
P(Person 1 has a dog and person 2 have a dog) = P(person 1 has a dog) * P(person 2 has a dog)
P(Person 1 has a dog and person 2 have a dog) = 0.18 * 0.18
P(Person 1 has a dog and person 2 have a dog) = 0.0324 or 3.24%